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About cards

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            Still more recently at us, for some reason, it was considered to be, that plastic cards is exclusively bank prerogative. Actually, it not so. The first cards have been let out(have been released) in the beginning of XX century in the USA by some shops and restaurants. They stood out to rich clients, were used as the document at registration of the transaction, and were one of basic elements of programs which subsequently have received the name " programs of loyalty of clients (loyalty programs). Also there were these cards cardboard.

            In 20th years of the last century of a card from pure(clean) shops and restaurants send(have passed) to dirty gaz stations (however, both in shops, and at restaurants they all the same have remained). The card became a product of mass demand. There was a necessity to use a material which should be strong enough and safe for use, and, at the same time, plastic enough that in it(him) it was possible to squeeze out the information necessary for identification. Besides it(he) should suppose polygraphic processing. First experimented polyethers, then have addressed to polihjorvinil. In sphere of trade and services plastic cards are considered(examined), first of all, as the tool of marketing, and contact improvement of quality of service.

What piastic cards can be:

            Cards can be classified differently. Each of systems of classification will be harmonous and logical. All depends on what principle is put in its(her) basis. For example, cards can be divided(undressed) on institutes: on bank and not bank cards. ЗThen on spheres of application: transport cards, payphone, insurance, petrol, advertising, discount, etc. Simultaneously cards can be payment and not payment (for example, discount or cleanly identification, intended for the control of access). Payment cards can operate(work) under different payment schemes(plans): credit cards serve for reception of the consumer credit, debit cards can be used for calculations with trading organizations-service and receptions of cash in banks only within the limits of the rest of means on the bank account(invoice). And still there are electronic purses , for which on the card account(invoice) it is reserved the sums; Within the limits of this sum the holder of a card can spend payment operations.

            At last, there is the technical classification of plastic cards connected with methods of record and data processing on a card(map). On this classification of a card(map) share on following types:
  • Embossing or printed cards (drawing of the information by a method of a stamping or termoprinted)
  • Cards with a magnetic strip (magnetic cards)
  • Cards with a shaped code (Stroke-code cards)
  • Cards with the built in microcircuit (contact and contactless cards)